In 1860, he was 13 and lived with his parents in Lewis, Indiana.

He enlisted March 21, 1865 as a private in Company D of the Indiana 156th Infantry Battalion. He was mustered out August 4 at Winchester, Virginia. The 156th was first organized in April of 1865, and was led by Lieutenant Colonel Charles M Smith. The company saw no battles and performed guard duties in the Shenandoah Valley.

In 1870, he lived in Jackson, Indiana with his wife Rebecca, 24, and daughter Mary Bell, four months. He was a farmer, 24, with personal property estimated at $400.

In 1880, he lived with Rebecca in Lewis, Indiana. He was a farmer. They were 34 and had three children, Mary, 10, Willie, 4, and Lizzie, 2. His parents were born in Indiana, hers in Tennessee.

In 1885, he was 39 and lived in Howard, Kansas with Rebecca, 40. Mary was 15, William was 9, and Effie and Henry, both born in Kansas, were 5 and 8 months.

In 1900, he and Rebecca were 54 and had been married 32 years. They lived in Township 26 in Cherokee Nation with their son Henry, 15. They have had eight children, with four surviving.

In 1910, he and Rebecca lived in Nowata, Oklahoma. He was 63, she was 64. They’ve been married 42 years and had four of seven children survive. Rebecca’s parents were born in Tenessee, his in Indiana. Living with them are their daughter Effie, 29, and her family. Atwood Riley, is 33, and their daughter Eula is 5. They’ve been married 13 years, with just one child. Atwood is a Native American, born in Oklahoma.

In 1920, he and Rebecca lived in Nowata, Oklahoma. He was 73, she was 74, and they owned their home. He was a farmer.